Weather sensors are integrated in conventional air quality automatic monitoring stations, construction site dust monitoring stations, grid environment monitoring stations, radiation water quality monitoring stations, smoky vehicle monitoring snapshots, etc. Among them, the multi-element micro-meteorological instrument is small and integrated due to its small size and integration, The advantages of high height and easy installation are widely used.
The monitored meteorological elements mainly include five indicators: temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind speed and wind direction, and some stations also have parameters such as rainfall or light intensity. Meteorological conditions have a great influence on changes in air quality. For example, water vapor is related to the concentration of particulate matter and ozone, and wind speed and direction are related to the regional diffusion of atmospheric pollutants, which can be used to analyze a certain heavy pollution process or find the source of pollution emissions.
Wind Speed and Direction
For plain areas, wind direction and speed are important meteorological parameters that affect air quality, especially in the application of local pollution traceability of particulate matter. With the acceleration of urbanization, high-rise buildings in cities will cause changes in ground meteorological conditions. Especially when analyzing the different air quality conditions reflected by air stations in the area, it is necessary to consider the meteorological conditions of each micro-station separately. It is more reasonable not to use the city-wide average. Therefore, it is very important to measure wind direction and wind direction in each grid micro-station.
The relationship between weather conditions and AQI
We reviewed the AQI changes during a specific observation period in December 2019 as shown in the figure below: At the same time, combined with the historical records of meteorological data, we can see that there was nearly 10mm of effective rainfall on the 1st, and the 6th was mainly because of the high wind speed. These are the reductions in PM2.5 in winter. Favorable conditions. In 3-4 days, it is mainly because the wind speed is low, especially at night when the wind tends to be quiet, which makes it easy for pollutants to accumulate locally and cause pollution. It can be seen that meteorological elements such as rainfall, wind speed and direction in winter have an important impact on urban air quality in plain areas. The observation data of multi-parameter micro-meteorological instruments should be sufficient when conducting pollution process analysis and forecasting and warning.
The multi-parameter micro-meteorological instrument routinely measures atmospheric temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction and other parameters. It only conducts real-time online observation of meteorological parameters near the ground. It is necessary to understand and master the larger scale of the urban area. The micro-meteorological changes in the process of pollutant formation, migration and transformation, and further explain the situation and laws of regional environmental air pollution. Where conditions permit, high-altitude detection instruments such as wind profiler radar and lidar should be used to monitor high-altitude wind speed and atmospheric boundary layer height. PBL, aerosol optical thickness and other parameters are observed and analyzed.
